Officials say a captain, three subordinates and six enlisted men received 30-year terms for planning or taking part in the May 2006 killings in Medellin, Colombia's second largest city.
Five soldiers were also sentenced to four years each for helping to cover up the crime.
The brothers, Arley and Yon Cardona, worked as food vendors in Medellin and disappeared on May 25, 2006 when returning from a delivery. Their bodies were found the next day in a morgue and identified as guerrillas.
Human rights groups say the army has regularly executed civilians and passed them off as slain guerrillas to inflate their tallies of defeated enemy fighters.
U.N. Special Rapporteur for Extrajudicial Executions Philip Alston, a top United Nations human rights expert, recently described the practice as "cold-blooded pre-meditated murder for profit," following a 10-day investigation in June.
Agencies